Harvesting the solar power and converting it into electrical energy has been one of the top priorities of many countries around the world. VDL ETG has been involved with the solar industry for many years and has built equipment for the fabrication of solar cells for many customers. The expertise of VDL ETG covers the manufacturing of prototypes, specialized tools and complex production lines for various types of solar cells, such as amorphous and crystalline silicon (a-Si/c-Si), cadmium telluride (CdTe), copper-indium-gallium-selenide (CIGS), gallium-arsenide (GaAs), organic (OPV), perovskite, etc. The equipment developed and manufactured by VDL ETG makes use of vacuum conditions or deposits thin-film stacks at atmospheric pressure. Handling flexible webs in R2R production systems and rigid substrates (wafers, glass) in conventional production lines represents as well a core technology at VDL ETG